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J. W. ELLS. GAS AND AIR HEATING APPARATUS FOR METALLURGIG FURNACES. No.105,558.

Patented July 19, 1870.

I aorta sate atelti AND s. nurse, or SAME PLACE.

LettersPatent No. 105,558, dated July 19,1870; antcdated July 6, 1870.

IM2ROVEMEN'T IN GASA ND AIR-HBATINGAPPARATUS FOR METALLURG-IC FURNACES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part. of thesame To all whom it may concern: i

- Be it known that I, JOSIAH W. Eons, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new-and usefulImprovement in Gas and Air heating Apparatus, such as may be applied tofurnaces of various kinds,and for various purposes. In this apparatusthe gases and air are heated and expanded on theiravay to theplaeedesignatedfor their joint combustion by being directed. throughtubes brought tea white heat, by the escaping products of saidcombustion playing around the outside of them on its way to the chimney.The nature of my invention consists in so arrange ing the gas andair-tubes within the space of the heating-chamber, in combination withair and gas-passages at opposite ends of said chamber, and with aproperlyconstrncted and operating damper, as that the gas will bedirected through one set of tubes, while. the air passes through theotherset, or vice. versa, at theoption of the furnace man, or the personhaving it in. charge. i i

Also, so arranging the gas and air-supplying tubes, with theirrespective passages, at' each end of the heating-chamber, damper-chest,and inlet-ports, that, by changing the position of the damper so as toclose one port and open theother, the current of gases, as they passinto the furnace, will be made to enter either above or belowthe currentof air, as the circumstances 1 of the case may require.

'Also,in soar-ranging the damper and damper-chest,

with its ports, in corinection'with the inlet, air, and gas-passages, asthat a greater portion of the under side of said damper will alwaysbeexposed to the cooling influence of the atmosphere, and thereby lessliable to become overbeated.- To enable others skilled in the art offurnace build ing, to understand, make, and use myinvention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation hy reference totheaccompanying .drawing, in which-- Figure 1 represents a front elevationof my improved apparatus, one of the doors. being open, exposing thetubes on that side.

*Figure 2 represents a transverse vertical section of the same, showingboth clusters of tubes, damperchest, and damper therein. ii

("Figure 3 represents a longitudinal transverse section of the entireapparatus,jou a "horizontal plane, abovcthe upper range of"tfubes.

v Figure is a transverse vertical section of the rear .gaS andair-passage j and combustion-chamberor fu r-' nace. r r

Figure 5 represents asectiomon ahorizontal'plane, of the 'damperchest. a

Figure 6, vertical transverse section of the same.

All the. drawingsare lettered, and similar letters dcnote like parts inthe several views.

'I construct my apparatus by making a long, close, covered chamber, A,across which extend two partitions, 13 and B'Q-leaving a spacebet-ween'them and tbeoutside'avalls, each of which is divided by amiddle wall, 0' and 0, so as toforl'n, at both ends'of said chamber, agasand' air-passage.

The passages, J J", at the front end are open to the atmospliere,-wliilethose, K K, at the rear or opposite end of the chamber A lead,.-bysuitable channels, E E", one above the other, into the furnace F.

Through the body of the chamber A andtransverse partitions ]3-B, so thatthe'front air passages J J" shall communicate-with those, K'K", at theopposite end of the chamber, is placed a series of highly refractory orheat-sustaining tubes',-H M.

.Just above the air and gas-passages J J, at the front end of thechamber A, is placed damper-chest, S, through the bottom-of which aretwo openings or ports, T'T, each leading downward intothe gas andair-passage immediately beneath.

7 Inside of this chest S is a' sliding gas-valve or damper, V, largeenough to cover one port, and is provided with a handle, an, thatprotrudes through the outside wall, by which it may be shifted or movedso as-to close (gr-open either port. I a

Fonjthe entrance of the gases, the damper chest S is furnished with an1nlet-pipe, .W, so arranged'as to convey the gases into it directlyabove the valve V,

- but it may be' contrived to enter them at any other convenient point.i I

The inflammable gasesavhich are U0 be used may be generated by the slowcombustion of carbonaceous fuel' in an' apparatus constructed for thatpurpose. .These gases, however generated, are conveyed into the,-darnper-ehestS through the pipe I, and, ii'theoper- .ations of thefurnace require-that these gases shall enter it below the air-current,the door, I), of the passage-way'J on that side-of the chainber is to be-closed, and the damper Vjshifted so 'as to open the port, T, leadinginto that passage-way, which operation or movement of 'the damper shutsthe port, T, of the adjoining passageway J, the door D of which is 'ihinto'be opened. The gases will nowldescend.

through the open port, into the passage-way in corn munication with thedampeuchest' S, and pass through the tubes M-into thep assage-way, atthe rear end of said tubes, and from thence, by a continuation of.thispassage-way or channel E", direct into the furnace =1. Theair,entering the open doorl), will pass "inrlike"mannerthrough thetubcs,'-H', at that-side of thechambcr A into its passage-way, K, attireopposite end, and through .a channel, E, into the furnace above thegas-current, where-the -tWIO currents will 1 unite, and are to be fired.1

The heated volatile products, or spent gases resulting from thecombustion of the said currents of gas and gas-.

andlair, will flows'out of the furnace F, and into and tubes H M, willeventually enter and escape by the chimney P.

Should the tubes M, through which the inflamma ble gases are supposed tobe passing, become choked by a deposit of soot or other foims ofcarbonaceous matter requiring a supply of oxygen or 'air to assist inburning it out, or should it be desirable to have the current of air, asit enters the furnace, pass under the current of .gas instead of overit, then, and in that case, thedoor I), open for the admission of air,is to be closed, and the valve or damper V changed or moved fromthe'port, T, it previously covered, so as to open that, and close theother port, T. The gases will, by this means, he cut off from thosetubes they formerly passed through, and be directed into and throughthose before used as air-supplying tubes, and, its channels into thefurnace.' Now, on opening the door, D, of that passage-way, J formerlyoccupied by the ingoing gases, air will be admitted to those tubes andpassages, which, by coming in contact with the carbonaceous matterdeposited therein, such is the afiinity of oxy gen for carbon at ahighheat that it is soon burned out, leaving the tubes as clear asbefore, while the current of air, as it enters the furnace F, will passunder the current of gas, and both objects be efiectuated,

The air, as it enters the open passage-way, operates against the underside of the damper V, and keeps it comparatively cool. I

Havingstated the nature of my invention,

v I'claim- I I 1. Arranging the gas and air-supplying tubes in such amanner, and in combination with the airand gaspassages at opposite endsof a heating-chamber,

that, with a properly-constructed and operating valve or damper, the gaswill be directed through one set of tubes, while the air is passingthrough the other set, or nice, warm, at the'optiou of the furnace-man,or the person having its in charge, substantially in the man-- ner andfor the purposes herein set forth.

2. So arranging the gas and air-supplying tubes, with their respectivepassages, at each end of the heatingchamber, damper-chest, andinlet-ports, that, by changing the position of the damper so as to closeone port and open the other, the current'of gases, as they pass into thefurnace, will be made to enter either above or below the currentofingoing air, as the circumstances

